Angling regulations

This section is a short guide to the angling rules and regulations, which apply in Northern Ireland. It is not a comprehensive guide. Full detailed information is available from the address at the bottom of this page.

Licences regulations

You need a licence to use a fishing rod. You can be fined for fishing without a licence. There is more information on the Licences and permits page.

Angling licences and permits

Salmon tagging

All commercial and recreational salmon catches must be tagged and the catch recorded in a logbook. This applies to all salmon and sea trout over 50 cm.

The tag to be used by Anglers is a blue plastic self-locking device embossed with a code identifying the region in which the tag was issued and the tag number.

Anglers will be required to record the catch on a daily basis at the end of each fishing trip (before midnight of each day) in the logbook. You will receive salmon tags and a log book when you purchase any game rod licence.

Recording angling catch returns

Recording catches will help the management of the Public Angling Estate. Catches can be recorded by completing the back of your permit or completing the form below and returning it to the Department of Culture, Arts and Leisure (DCAL) (by post or email to dcalangling@dcalni.gov.uk)

Fishing seasons

Fishing seasons vary for the species fished and on the location of the fishery. The variety of seasons is a reflection of the timing of salmon runs into different river catchments.

For Pike, bream, roach, perch, tench, rudd, carp and rainbow trout fishing there is generally no close season.

For salmon and wild brown trout fishing the seasons vary, as follows.

in the Foyle catchment the salmon fishing season operates from 1 April to 20 October
in the Carlingford catchment the season is from 1 April to 31 October
in the Bann catchment and the Co Antrim rivers the season is from 1 March to 31 October (except the River Bush where the season ends on 21 October)
in the Erne catchment the season is 1 March to 30 September except for Lough Melvin (1 February to 30 September)

Other regulations

The use of gaffs is illegal in the DCAL and Loughs Agency area.

There are other regulations relating to things such as types of fishing permitted, hook sizes, and fishing from boats, which apply across Northern Ireland. Details are available from the licencing authorities or fishery owners.

Please enquire when you are purchasing your licence or permit what specific rules apply to the fishery.

Bag limits/catch and release/minimum sizes

Salmon, sea trout and brown trout

There are no specific bag limits or minimum sizes for brown trout except for the Foyle and Carlingford catchments regulated by the Loughs Agency. Fishery owners tend to apply their own bag limits and minimum sizes and information is generally provided on the permit you purchase from the fishery owner.

In general, a bag limit of four brown or rainbow trout may be taken from the stocked fisheries. The minimum size of fish that may be taken from stocked fisheries is 25.4 cm.

In the FCILC area, 4 Brown Trout or any Sea Trout (Under 40cm) may be taken on any one day.

As salmon stocks are declining across all North Atlantic countries there are limits on the number of salmon that may be retained.

Salmon limits in FCILC Area

From the opening of season to 31 May , 1 Salmon or any Sea Trout (Over 40cm) on any one day and up to a total of 5 during this period may be retained.

From 1 June to the end of season, 2 Salmon or any Sea Trout (Over 40cm) on any one day and up to a total of 20 during this period, may be retained.

Salmon Limits in DCAL Area

Catch and release operates (except for Lough Melvin) for salmon from 1 March to 31 May and a daily bag limit of two salmon applies thereafter.

On Lough Melvin one salmon may be retained from 1 February to 31 May and three salmon from 1 June to 30 September. You may continue to fish after you have obtained your bag limit but all fish must be returned alive and unharmed to the water.

All salmon and sea trout over 50 cms retained by the angler must be tagged. Tags are provided with your game rod licence.

Pike

All pike weighing 4 kg or more must be returned alive and unharmed to the water and no more than 1 pike per day under 4 kg may be retained.

In the Foyle and Carlingford catchments these limits also apply. However, one specimen pike captured in a river weighing 9 kg or more or captured in a lake weighing 13.6 kg or more may be retained on any one day.

Other fish species

There is a daily bag limit of four coarse fish (except pike). This means that anyone who takes more than four coarse fish (except pike) in a day while angling must return the fish to the water from which it was taken without avoidable injury.

Anyone who takes a coarse fish (except pike) which is greater than 25 cms measured from the tip of its snout to the fork or cleft of it tail, must return it to the water from which it was taken without avoidable injury.

It will be illegal for anyone to have in their possession more than four coarse fish caught by rod and line or hand line for use as bait in fishing for pike

Ground baiting is permitted on most coarse fisheries.

Catch and release

There is a right way and a wrong way to return fish to the water. Fish taken from the water are stressed and possibly exhausted. If the proper procedures are followed, a large percentage of returned fish will survive to spawn or grow bigger. The advice below applies to all fish but provides different methods when returning trout and salmon, pike and carp.

Salmon catch and release guidance

By following the guidelines set out below at all times you can be confident that any fish you release will have a very high chance of going on to spawn successfully.

small single hooks should be used at all times
the use of trebles should be avoided
hooks should be barbless - barbed hooks can easily be converted to barbless by pinching the barb with pliers
both the rod and line should be strong enough to subdue a fish with the minimum delay
strength of flows and the size of fish likely to be encountered should be considered when selecting the appropriate tackle to use
before fishing, it is worth thinking about where a fish might be landed
the aim is to keep the fish in the water and avoid beaching or dragging it up a steep bank before release
once hooked, a fish should be brought to hand or net as quickly as possible - this will help keep stress and fatigue to a minimum and will ensure the fish is able to recover quickly
aim to keep handling time to a mimimum
make every effort to keep the fish in the water at all times as prolonged exposure to air will reduce survival rates
before handling a fish make sure that hands are wet
avoid squeezing the fish
use pliers to remove hooks but if hooks are too deep and removal will lead to damage or delayed release then cut the line as near to the hook as possible
support the fish in the water preferably in a gentle current and with the fish facing upstream
recovery can take several minutes so be patient
wait until the fish recovers sufficiently to swim away from you
high water temperatures (over 21 degrees celsius) can significantly reduce survival rates, so anglers should take extra care when practising catch and release when flows are low and water temparatures are high (typical summer conditions)

Permitted angling methods

Definitions for the different methods of angling and related terms, as laid down in the Angling Waters Bye laws and Regulations are as follows:

'All legal methods' means any method of angling with rod and line, except a method forbidden by any statutory provision for the time being in force
'Fly fishing' means the use of a single rod, reel (including a fixed spool reel), fly line or blow line and a single cast carrying not more than three artificial or winged natural flies, but does not include the use of a bubble float in conjunction with artificial or winged natural flies
'Ground bait' means any material used other than on a hook and designed for the purpose of attracting fish to natural or artificial bait
'Maggots' means any larvae of the housefly of the Genus Musca and the bluebottle or blowfly of the Genus Calliphora and any other insect larvae
'Spinning' means the use of a single rod, reel (including a fixed spool reel) and line to cast or throw an artificial or natural bait and retrieve the bait by rewinding the line onto the drum of the reel with the bait kept in motion throughout
'Trolling' means the drawing of a fishing line, with one or more hooks attached, through the water from a moving boat
'Worm fishing' means the use of a single hook baited with one or more earthworms

Permitted methods of angling, duration of season, size and bag limits and other useful information for each location can be found via the link below:

Where can I fish in Northern Ireland?

Details of all regulations relating to the Public Angling Estate are printed on the back of permits. There are other general restrictions, which apply to all angling in Northern Ireland.

Copies of statutory regulations are available from the address below. Anyone who contravenes the regulations is guilty of an offence and is liable to be prosecuted.

The Stationery Office Bookshop
16 Arthur Street
Belfast
BT1 4GD