Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects around five per cent of school-age children and two to four per cent of adults.

Symptoms

Symptoms usually start around the age of four and can affect boys more than girls. They can include:

• overactive behaviour
• difficulty paying attention
• impulsive behaviour

ADHD should not be confused with the usual active behaviour of a child - it’s normal for young children to get bored at times and to want to try new activities. ADHD is an extreme of normal child behaviour. If you are concerned about your child’s behaviour or health, visit your doctor.

Progression

A child with ADHD may have learning difficulties but ADHD itself does not affect intelligence. Seventy per cent of children with ADHD will have it in adolescence, and 70 per cent of those children will have it in adult life. If the child does not receive treatment, the problems may get worse – you may see more disobedience, aggression, poor school performance and depression. Adults with ADHD may have problems at work and in their social life.

Treatment

Discuss your concerns with your doctor. If the doctor thinks your child has ADHD your child may be referred to a specialist. Your child will have a series of interviews and the specialist may ask to speak to you and to your child’s teachers.If your child is diagnosed with ADHD they will be offered appropriate treatment. There are two main types on offer:

• medication
• behavioural therapy

If you are concerned about your child’s health or well-being, visit your doctor.